Разработка API-тестов (Supertest)

Разработка API-тестов (Supertest)

Supertest — Node.js-библиотека для тестирования HTTP-эндпоинтов напрямую через Express/Fastify/NestJS приложение без необходимости запускать сервер. Идеальна для интеграционного тестирования REST API в JavaScript-проектах.

Установка

npm install -D supertest @types/supertest

Базовые тесты (Express)

// tests/api/auth.test.ts
import request from 'supertest';
import { app } from '../../src/app';
import { db } from '../../src/database';

beforeAll(async () => await db.migrate.latest());
afterAll(async () => await db.destroy());
afterEach(async () => await db('users').truncate());

describe('POST /api/auth/login', () => {
    beforeEach(async () => {
        await request(app).post('/api/users').send({
            email: '[email protected]',
            password: 'password123',
            name: 'Test User',
        });
    });

    it('returns 200 and token on valid credentials', async () => {
        const res = await request(app)
            .post('/api/auth/login')
            .send({ email: '[email protected]', password: 'password123' })
            .expect(200)
            .expect('Content-Type', /json/);

        expect(res.body).toMatchObject({
            access_token: expect.any(String),
            user: {
                email: '[email protected]',
                name: 'Test User',
            },
        });
        expect(res.body.access_token).toHaveLength(171); // JWT length
    });

    it('returns 401 on wrong password', async () => {
        const res = await request(app)
            .post('/api/auth/login')
            .send({ email: '[email protected]', password: 'wrongpass' })
            .expect(401);

        expect(res.body.message).toBe('Invalid credentials');
    });

    it('returns 422 on missing fields', async () => {
        const res = await request(app)
            .post('/api/auth/login')
            .send({ email: '[email protected]' })  // без password
            .expect(422);

        expect(res.body.errors).toHaveProperty('password');
    });
});

Авторизованные запросы

// tests/helpers/auth.ts
export async function getAuthToken(
    app: Express,
    email = '[email protected]',
    password = 'adminpass'
): Promise<string> {
    const res = await request(app)
        .post('/api/auth/login')
        .send({ email, password });
    return res.body.access_token;
}

// tests/api/products.test.ts
describe('Products API', () => {
    let token: string;

    beforeAll(async () => {
        token = await getAuthToken(app);
    });

    it('creates product with auth', async () => {
        const res = await request(app)
            .post('/api/products')
            .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`)
            .send({ name: 'MacBook Pro', price: 150000, slug: 'macbook-pro' })
            .expect(201);

        expect(res.body.id).toBeDefined();
        expect(res.body.slug).toBe('macbook-pro');
    });

    it('returns 403 without auth', async () => {
        await request(app)
            .post('/api/products')
            .send({ name: 'MacBook' })
            .expect(401);
    });
});

Тестирование файловой загрузки

it('uploads product image', async () => {
    const res = await request(app)
        .post('/api/products/1/images')
        .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`)
        .attach('image', Buffer.from('fake-image-data'), {
            filename: 'product.jpg',
            contentType: 'image/jpeg',
        })
        .expect(200);

    expect(res.body.url).toMatch(/^https:\/\/.+\.jpg$/);
});

Тестирование пагинации и фильтрации

describe('GET /api/products', () => {
    beforeEach(async () => {
        await db('products').insert([
            { name: 'Product 1', price: 1000, category: 'electronics' },
            { name: 'Product 2', price: 2000, category: 'electronics' },
            { name: 'Product 3', price: 3000, category: 'clothing' },
        ]);
    });

    it('paginates results', async () => {
        const res = await request(app)
            .get('/api/products?page=1&limit=2')
            .expect(200);

        expect(res.body.data).toHaveLength(2);
        expect(res.body.meta.total).toBe(3);
        expect(res.body.meta.last_page).toBe(2);
    });

    it('filters by category', async () => {
        const res = await request(app)
            .get('/api/products?category=electronics')
            .expect(200);

        expect(res.body.data).toHaveLength(2);
        res.body.data.forEach(p => expect(p.category).toBe('electronics'));
    });
});

Интеграция с NestJS

import { Test } from '@nestjs/testing';
import * as request from 'supertest';

describe('UsersController', () => {
    let app: INestApplication;

    beforeAll(async () => {
        const moduleRef = await Test.createTestingModule({
            imports: [AppModule],
        }).compile();

        app = moduleRef.createNestApplication();
        await app.init();
    });

    afterAll(async () => await app.close());

    it('GET /users', () => {
        return request(app.getHttpServer())
            .get('/users')
            .expect(200)
            .expect(res => expect(Array.isArray(res.body)).toBeTruthy());
    });
});

Срок реализации

Написание интеграционных API-тестов для 15–25 эндпоинтов: 3–5 дней.